Abstract
Byzantine treatises on uroscopy allow us to find elements of physician practice, above all referring to the manipulation of the matula, by heating and agitating the liquid contained therein. The presentation of single clinical cases illustrates in general the medical practice, but the objectivity of such a chronicle is doubtful, because in these tales we recognize many conventional elements that recur. The features required by clinical cases recounted in our treatises are not really the doctor’s daily practice, but a particularly refined version of it.
Keywords: byzantine uroscopy, manipulation of matula, John Actuarius, clinical cases