ANCA-Associated Glomerulonephritis Following SARS-CoV2 Infection: A Case Report

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Carlo Maiorca

DOI: 10.69097/41-05-2024-06

Carlo Maiorca1, Ilaria Serriello2, Laura Pettorini2, Chiara Taffon3, Marco Belli1, Fatma Cossetti2, Rosaria Di Matteo1, Francesco Londrino2, Sandra Papalini2, Antonella Propato1, Augusto Tricerri1, Cinzia Zaccheo2, Massimo Magnanti1
C. Maiorca and I. Serriello contributed equally to this work.

1 UOC Pronto Soccorso e Medicina d’Urgenza, P.O. San Filippo Neri, ASL Roma 1, Roma
2 UOC Nefrologia e Dialisi, ASL Roma 1, Roma
3 UOC Anatomia Patologica, Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio Medico, Roma

Corresponding author:
Carlo Maiorca
UOC Pronto Soccorso e Medicina d’Urgenza
P.O. San Filippo Neri, ASL Roma 1
Via Giovanni Martinotti 20
00135 Roma, Italia
Tel/Fax 06.60102375
E-mail: carlo.maiorca@aslroma1.it

 

Abstract

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) primarily affects small- and medium-sized arteries, including kidney vessels, thus causing rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The pathogenesis of AAV is intricate and several factors, including infections, are known to possibly trigger the autoimmune process. Numerous studies have reported that SARS-CoV-2 might cause acute kidney injury (AKI). To date, a modest number of AAV with COVID-19 cases has been reported. Herein, we discuss the case of a 61-year-old man with new-onset of diffuse proliferative ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis after COVID-19.

Keywords: Vasculitis, ANCA, Acute Kidney Injury, Glomerulonephritis, COVID

Introduction

Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a systemic autoimmune disease that affects primarily small- and medium-sized arteries, including kidney vessels, thus causing rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (GN) [1, 2]. The pathogenesis of AAV is intricate. Several factors (i.e. specific drugs, infectious agents, environmental exposures, etc.) are known to possibly trigger the autoimmune process in genetically susceptible patients [3, 4]. Numerous studies have reported that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the respiratory disease called Coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19), may cause acute kidney damage (AKI) [5, 6]. To date, a modest number of AAV with COVID-19 cases have been reported [7]. Herein, we discuss the case of a 61-year-old man with new-onset of diffuse proliferative ANCA-associated glomerulonephritis (GN) after COVID-19.

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