Novembre Dicembre 2019 - Articoli originali

Economic impact of kidney patients with sepsis in hospital setting

Abstract

Introduction: Over the last decades, sepsis has become a real medical emergency, with a high mortality rate and often requiring admission to an intensive care unit. An increasing number of CKD patients contracts sepsis due to several clinical risk factors (use of catheters, immunosuppressive therapy, comorbidity, etc.) and is treated in Nephrology wards, generating additional costs that are not covered by hospital Diagnosis Related Groups (DRG) reimbursement. The aim of the study is to evaluate the costs of sepsis in one Nephrology Unit and to detect the mortality rate of CKD patients with sepsis.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective study on a cohort of CKD patients admitted into one Nephrology Unit in 2017. CKD inpatients were divided in two groups: patients with sepsis (SP) and without (control group). Socio-demographic, clinical and therapeutic data, as well as routine biochemistry, were collected through a “sepsis form”. SP were identified thanks to hospital discharge records (HDR). The hospital-related costs of a SP were obtained by summing up: (1) the average cost of an inpatient day of care for the average length of stay in the Nephrology Unit; (2) the average cost of the antimicrobial therapy, as recorded on the clinical folder.

Results: Among the 408 CKD inpatients, 61 were septic. The overall average cost of a SP was 23.087,57 €; the average cost of the hospital stay and of the antimicrobial therapy was 19.364,98 € and 3.722,60 € respectively. The average length of stay in the Nephrology Unit was 16.7 days. The in-hospital mortality rate was 41.7%, with a 312% additional mortality rate.

Conclusions: SP had an overall average cost three times higher than CKD inpatients without sepsis (9.290,79 €). This additional cost was due to a longer hospital stay (8.7 days more on average) and a higher cost of antimicrobial therapy per case (€ 221,24). A national multi-centre study is needed to confirm our data and to promote an adjustment of reimbursement tariff for DRG-sepsis, which is now applicable only to an ICU setting. 

Keywords: sepsis, costs, kidney disease, hospital discharge register

Sorry, this entry is only available in Italian.

Introduzione

La sepsi rappresenta una condizione clinica frequente di difficile gestione.  È associata a una mortalità molto elevata quando si accompagna a insufficienza d’organo (20-25%) o a uno stato di shock settico (40-70%), ed è pertanto definita un’emergenza medica [1].

La Consensus Conference della Society of Critical Care Medicine (SCCM) nel 2003, ha elaborato le definizioni di sepsi, sepsi grave e shock settico con lo scopo di rendere omogenea la terminologia utilizzata in questo ambito [2,3]. Recentemente, nuove definizioni sono state messe a punto nella Terza Consensus Conference della SCCM nel 2016 [4], che non hanno modificato nessun aspetto nell’identificazione e nel trattamento di questa patologia, ma hanno reso ridondante il termine “sepsi grave” che è stato sostituito da “sepsi” (Fig.1).

Gli studi epidemiologici riguardo la sepsi, attualmente disponibili, sono estremamente eterogenei e comprendono valutazioni retrospettive, incentrate sulle diagnosi di dimissione ospedaliera, e valutazioni prospettiche, basate su indagini osservazionali [5,6].

 

La visualizzazione dell’intero documento è riservata a Soci attivi, devi essere registrato e aver eseguito la Login con utente e password.